How to Translate the French Expression De Rien

The most effective method to Translate the French Expression 'De Rien' The French phraseâ de rienâ (pronounced deu-r yeh) is one that numerous studentsâ learn to decipher as youre welcome. Be that as it may, this typical statement of politeness really implies something somewhat extraordinary. Its not considered ill-advised or discourteous to useâ de rienâ when somebody says thanks to you, yet there are different words that might be progressively fitting. Use The nearest English equal to de rien is its nothing, which isn't the most delightful approach to recognize appreciation. De rien isnt wrong, precisely, however its not as courteous as what local French speakers regularly state: je vous en prie you are welcome (truly, I ask of you)je ten prie youre welcome (to a friend)cest moi qui vous remercie (or just cest moi) no, thank you (truly, it is I who thanks you)merci vous/toi thank you (actually, (my) gratitude to you)pas de quoi, il ny a pas de quoi (casual) dont notice it (truly, no need, theres is no need)avec plaisir (South of France) my pleasure (truly, with delight) Model Merci, jai beaucoup aimã © ce livre. Much obliged to you, I truly preferred this book​ De rien!â Youre welcome!

Genealogy Research in Great Britain

Ancestry Research in Great Britain Once youve investigated as quite a bit of your family tree as possible on the web, its chance to make a beeline for Britain and the place that is known for your predecessors. Nothing can contrast with visiting the spots where your progenitors once lived, and on location research offers access to an assortment of records that arent accessible elsewhere.â Britain Wales: On the off chance that your family tree drives you to England or Wales, at that point London is a decent spot to begin your examination. This is the place youll discover the vast majority of Englands significant archives. The vast majority start with the Family Records Center, together worked by the General Register Office and the National Archives, as it holds the first lists to the births, relationships and passings enrolled in England and Wales from 1837. There are likewise different assortments accessible for research, for example, passing obligation registers, evaluation returns and the Prerogative Court of Canterbury wills. In the event that your short on research time, in any case, a large portion of these records can likewise be looked through on the web (most for a charge) ahead of time of your excursion. Situated inside strolling separation of the Family Records Center, the library of the Society of Genealogists in London is another superb spot to begin your quest for British heritage. Here youll find many distributed family ancestries and the biggest assortment of deciphered ward enlists in England. The library likewise has enumeration records for the entirety of the British Isles, city catalogs, survey records, wills, and an exhortation work area where you can get master recommendations on how and where to proceed with your examination. The National Archives in Kew, outside of London, has numerous records that are not accessible somewhere else, including free thinker church records, probates, letters of organization, military records, tax collection records, affiliation promise moves, maps, parliamentary papers, and court records. This is commonly not the best spot to begin your exploration, yet is an unquestionable requirement visit for anybody hoping to catch up educates discovered progressively essential records, for example, evaluation counts and ward registers. The National Archives, which covers England, Wales and the focal UK government, is particularly significant for anybody exploring individuals from the military. Before you visit, make certain to look at their online list and far reaching research guides. Other significant exploration storehouses in London incorporate the Guildhall Library, home to the area records of the City of London and records of city societies; the British Library, generally striking for its original copies and Oriental and India Office assortments; and the London Metropolitan Archives, which houses records of metropolitan London. For additional Welsh examination, the National Library of Wales in Aberystwyth is the fundamental community for family ancestry research in Wales. There you will discover duplicates of ward registers and family assortments of deeds, families and other genealogical material, just as all wills demonstrated in the Welsh diocesan courts. The twelve County Record Offices of Wales hold duplicates of the files for their separate zones, and most additionally hold microfilm duplicates of records, for example, evaluation returns. Most additionally hold their neighborhood area registers going back to 1538 (counting some that arent likewise kept at the National Library of Wales).â Scotland: In Scotland, the greater part of the fundamental national chronicles and genealogical archives are housed in Edinburgh. This is the place youll locate the General Register Office of Scotland, which holds common birth, marriage and demise records from 1 January 1855, or more evaluation returns and area registers. Nearby, the National Archives of Scotland saves a large group of genealogical material, including wills and confirmations from the sixteenth century to the current day. Right not far off untruths the National Library of Scotland where you can look through exchange and road catalogs, proficient indexes, family and neighborhood accounts and a broad guide assortment. The Library and Family History Center of the Scottish Genealogy Society is likewise situated in Edinburgh, and houses an exceptional assortment of family ancestries, families and manuscripts.â Go Local Once youve investigated the national and master storehouses, the following stop is commonly the area or metropolitan document. This is likewise a decent spot to begin if your time is constrained and you are unequivocal about the region where your predecessors lived. Most province chronicles incorporate microfilm duplicates of national records, for example, endorsement files and registration records, just as significant area assortments, for example, nearby wills, land records, family papers and ward registers. ARCHON, facilitated by the National Archives, incorporates contact subtleties for chronicles and other record stores inside the UK. Check the local index to discover province documents, college files and other exceptional assets in your general vicinity of interest.â Investigate Your History Make certain to leave time on your excursion to visit the spots where your progenitors once lived, and investigate the historical backdrop of your family. Use enumeration and common enrollment records to recognize the addresses where your predecessors lived, travel to their area church or the graveyard where they are covered, appreciate supper in a Scottish mansion, or visit a claim to fame document or exhibition hall to become familiar with how your precursors lived. Search for fascinating stops, for example, the National Coal Museum in Wales; the West Highland Museum in Fort William, Scotland; or the National Army Museum in Chelsea, England. For those with Scottish roots, Ancestral Scotland offers various family themed iteneraries to assist you with strolling in your predecessors strides.

Research Critical Appraisa Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research Critical Appraisa - Essay Example Extra to utilizing customary alongside settled techniques alongside rehearses, social insurance experts are tolerating spearheading mediations that are sure about accepted procedures and strong research-based realities. Proof based practice (EBP) is a case of such a strategy and is quickly picking up acclaim because of its probability to take effectively think about clinical issues just as give better patient consideration. New expansive changes sway nursing research in the human services examine adventure. Beginning fields are ascending to see how to support proficiency, viability, security, and fitness of human services; how to propel wellbeing administration conveyance frameworks; just as how to empower execution improvement. The rising fields include translational alongside progress science, wellbeing conveyance frameworks science and usage look into (Impact of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and the Next Big Ideas, n.d.). Investigation into the utilization of the proof based practice is among the fields that has surprisingly influenced the model move and is entwined with different fields. Examination into EBP take-up is equivalent to analyzing Star Point 4 (joining of EBP into training). Various recognized government award plans have created to advance research that fabricates the evidential establishment for effective techniques in utilizing EBP. Among the creative research, activities are the Patient-Centered Outcomes awards and the Clinical Translational Science Awards. The Impact of Evidence-Based Practice in Nursing and the Next Big Ideas. (n.d.). Recovered from

The Lord of the Rings the epos and the epic movie picture essays

The Lord of the Rings the epos and the epic film picture papers After the distribution of J.R.R. Tolkiens labor of love, the set of three of Middle-earth, Sunday Times saw: The world is isolated into the individuals who have perused The Lord of the Rings and the individuals who are going to understand it. Today, as P. Jacksons epic picture The Fellowship of the Ring rules on the enormous screens everywhere throughout the planet, it would be all the more consistent with state that the world is separated into the individuals who have just observed the film and the individuals who are as yet remaining in lines to purchase the ticket. When contrasting Tokiens showstopper and its screen adjustment you don't need to be a dream monstrosity to see that the two works share most trademark includes yet there are additionally focuses at which they vary extensively. Discussing likenesses, it ought to be focused on how blessed it is that Tolkiens excellent story has not been trivialized and decreased to a fantasy. Fortunately, in Jacksons adjustment the great climate of the set of three is painstakingly safeguarded. The content has not been whimsically distorted, the characters regularly communicate in a noble language of the warriors of old and, what is similarly significant, amazing, glorious music adds essential gravity to the crucial sparing the world from the ravenous and brutal hands of the Dark Lord, Sauron the Great. Moreover, the colossal loyalty of depiction brings the film picture much nearer to the extraordinary environment of Tolkiens gem. In the event that the Author himself could sit down in the film and watch the unspoiled scene of the Shire, snow-clad pinnacles of the Misty Mountains and stunning pits of the Mines of Moria, he would without a doubt grin heartily and puff his preferred channel with unconcealed joy. In any case, there are additionally a few parts of Jacksons vision of Middle-earth that would absolutely either dishearten or even completely disappoint Master Tolkien. To give some examples, he would miss imprudent jumping and sin... <!

Heineken Reverse Innovation Innovating for and from Emerging Market

Questions: a. Depict the basic issues in outside market examination for a firm like Heineken. b. Talk about the points of interest or disservices for Heineken of sending out its lager starting with one nation then onto the next. c. For what reason is Heineken so centered around growing its worldwide deals? (To address this inquiry, you may wish to look into the activities of the two greatest worldwide brewers, Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller.) d. For what reason is Heineken so centered around growing its worldwide deals? (To respond to this inquiry, you may wish to look into the activities of the two greatest worldwide brewers, Anheuser-Busch InBev and SABMiller.) e. Which markets offer Heineken the best possibilities for income and benefit development? Are there any business sectors you would suggest that Heineken forsake? Provided that this is true, why? Answers: Presentation: Proposition: The Business showcasing technique for Heineken NV to catch the universes advertise. The reason for the Paper: This paper will fundamentally break down the market situation of Heineken, a universes popular brew maker since 1864 (Torres, 2013). This paper will depict the central issues in the outside market while an organization is growing its deals in the worldwide market. Outline of the paper: After SABMiller and Anheuser-Busch, Heineken NV is one of the universes biggest lager makers. It was established in Amsterdam by Gerald Heineken in 1864. It sells out more brew outside of the US more. In all complete Heineken offers lager to 170 nations of the European nation, North and South America, Asia, Africa (Vargas-Hernandez, 2015). They likewise began to sends out lager after the establishment of the organization to Italy, France, Germany and France. Heineken kept on developing consistently and bottling works over right around 50 nations. Additionally, Heineken combined his business with web based innovation to deal with all data about deals, advancements and circulation subtleties. In any event, when they confronted a drop in their sell Heineken made a methodology to set up his market again in US showcase. Body: Crucial issues in remote market investigation: Central issues in the remote market that are looked by Heineken while they are growing generally are; expanded expense of consumption and religion based system (Crucini et al. 2011). The firm was extremely thriving inside a not many years subsequent to starting due to its nature of item and right method of commercial center situating and advancement of retailing at first in Europe, Far East and later on United States. Past to World War-II regardless of Heineken achievement, it reach a conclusion and its US activities during restriction in 1933, it restored those tasks, again giving up Van MUNCHING. Organization selective rights to bring Heineken products into the United States. Heineken has kept on developing step by step. It has distilleries in more than 50 nations. A portion of the main are in Canada and France. Its joint business venture with a main Japanese brewer, Kirin, gives it a strong nearness in that key market. Heineken strongly extended in European market in 1980 considering the EUs contention of its regular lager advertise and enable intensely in new web based innovation. Heineken has set one up ongoing critical vital choice to change the Van Munching organization to Heineken USA which has helped diminished expenses and included extra benefit. Heineken has made another huge venture for Muslim buyers by creating non jazzed up brew which has gotten 1.3 billion Muslims customers the world to get delight from the Heineken Beer. Favorable position and Disadvantage of Heinekens trading system: Favorable position: Very quickly after the establishment of Heineken in 1864, it began to trade lager to Italy, France, and Germany and up to the outrageous East nations. Heineken acquired the manufacturing plant to make lager France, Italy, Greece, and Ireland and to make greater its item amount and smooth the way of progress all through the US (Ramamurti, 2012). 1920 the organization stopped its fare to USA because of boycott, under which the deal, production, and transportation of liquor for utilization were prohibited broadly Heineken arrangement distilleries in more than 50 nations including Canada, Australia, New Guinea, France and Brazil. It got into Japanese market through joint endeavor with a main Japanese brewer Kirin. Heineken Company got into Japanese market through joint business undertaking with a main Japanese brewer Kirin. Heineken forcefully broadened its market in Europe in 1980s to set up itself with overwhelming business sector administration. In this way, it purchased bottling works in Greece, Italy, Ireland, and Spain and along these lines extended its product offerings and administrations of dissemination all through Europe. Be that as it may, strikingly Heineken didn't arrangement any bottling works in USA, taking exercises from Miller, a merchant of Lowenbrau in US advertise, bringing in from Germany In 2002 Heineken purchased Egypts distillery, Al Ahram Beverage Co. from that point onward, in 2003 ahead it began selling abroad nonalcoholic lager in Muslim World, an acknowledged result of Al Ahram and caught the huge unexploited market. Burden: Heineken has boldly attempted into worldwide commercial centers and up to now has been an immense achievement. It has finished with right evaluations and has proceeded to position to be the third biggest organization as lager maker. Not just it is a major item merchant in Europe, yet in addition in Northern and Southern piece of America, Asia, and Africa moreover. The key issues confronting Heineken regarding the matter of universal permitting, the reality individuals may not get the Heineken lager as it was preceding the new item. Individuals' perception can be a critical factor in the achievement or breakdown of internationally made merchandise that is fermented locally (Samiee, 2013). Another key issue Heineken at some point or another face is that the creative pith of the blend may be various with a taste from the region, therefore, trailing its unique and recently presented tang. It's not the perception but rather can truly happen on the grounds that the territory may truly impact the tang of the privately made brew. Heineken is that it must be insightful adequate to pick the business partner that has the base interest (Dong et al. 2013). The licensee must agree on a high estimation of expenses the nearby relative organization would guarantee on each jug of brew it could exchange. Heineken was centered around Expanding worldwide deals: Heineken was so centered around extending its worldwide deals since they need to set up a solid predominance over Europe all the more accurately over the Anheuser-Busch. They actualized bottling works in more than 50 nations including Canada, France, Australia, and Brazil. They proceed with the joint business endeavor with driving organizations of Japan, Kirin, who gives a solid market key to prevailing in the business advertise everywhere throughout the world (Westjohn, 2015). After world war-II, selling abroad turned into a primary need for Heineken. Not long after the World War II African nations were top selling abroad focuses for Heineken lager. Best possibility of income: Heineken was a one of a kind organization in the worldwide business history of the worldwide business that following its foundation the firm begun trading in the outside market effectively. The Heineken from its absolute initially starting turned out to be very lucrative firm aside from a couple of torments in the US advertise. After that the firm developed and turned into the third biggest brew organization on the planet. The market of the United States and Netherlands has indicated the best possibility of income for the Heineken NV in its worldwide reach. When Heineken was confronting a specific diminishing in benefit from another district they return to the US market to recapture their status. They made some significant system with respect to the issue that, they purchased the Van Munching organization and change the name to Heineken USA to pick up the dependability that this organization is currently claimed by US and to get support from the State. Likewise to handily facilitate with US promoting they cut the expense of brew and added extra benefit to each jug of lager (zsomer, 2012). Indeed, even they got 14percent of their benefit just from the Netherlands. Heineken confronted a desert in the market of Egypt in light of the fact that; at first all Muslim were love to take liquor yet when disallowance is extra included Islam people group with respect to the utilization of liquor, the market of Heineken face an unexpected fall in the market. End and Recommendation: As Heineken is the biggest developing lager organization and attempting to extend their business all through the world. From the absolute first year of their excursion, they are probably going to grow their business inside the nation just as outside the nation (Samiee, 2013). The key achievement factor of accomplishment of the organization was the ideal Vision and key goals setting and keeping up esteem chain in all the organization activities to maintain its best cost Brand picture (Casson, 2013). Reference list: Crucini, M. J., Kose, M. An., Otrok, C. (2011). What are the main impetuses of worldwide business cycles?.Review of Economic Dynamics,14(1), 156-175. Torres, M. (2013).Heineken Reverse Innovation: Innovating for and from developing markets. Uncovering market openings in created countries(Doctoral exposition, TU Delft, Delft University of Technology). Vargas-Hernandez, J. G. (2015). Offer of the Crown of Beer: A Study Based on The Strategy Tripod of Mike Peng.Business and Economics Journal,2015. Sluyterman, K., Bouwens, B. (2015). From pioneer realms to creating nations and on to rising economies: the worldwide development of the Dutch bottling works Heineken, 19302010.Management Organizational History,10(2), 103-118. Westjohn, S. A., Magnusson, P., Zhou, J. X. (2015). Does the Value of Global Brands Apply to Both Foreign and Domestic-Based Global Brands?. InEntrepreneurship in International Marketing(pp. 267-286). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. zsomer, A. (2012). The exchange among worldwide and nearby brands: A more critical glance at apparent brand universality and neighborhood iconness.Journal of International Marketing,20(2),

10 Tips to Protect Your Money for Cyber Security Awareness Month

10 Tips to Protect Your Money for Cyber Security Awareness Month 10 Tips to Protect Your Money for Cyber Security Awareness Month 10 Tips to Protect Your Money for Cyber Security Awareness MonthWant to hear something really scary this Halloween season? If you dont keep your information safe online, scammers will be able to steal your identity and drain your bank accounts.October is the season of goblins and ghouls, but it’s also National Cyber Security Awareness Month! Launched in 2004 by the Department of Homeland Security and the nonprofit National Cyber Security Alliance, National Cyber Security Awareness Month is an opportunity to brush up on your personal security measures.With more and more of our financial information and transactions being handled online, staying smart about protecting your data can help protect your money from evil scamming forces.Unlike goblins and ghouls, these evil-doers have the advantage of being real. With that in mind, here are ten handy tips to get you started.1. Protect Your Login.You probably already know that you should have unique passwords for the different sites you reg ularly visit. But don’t just rely on a password to protect you online. The organization Stop.Think.Connect offers lots of good advice on Lock Down Your Login.Consider using free two-step authorization, biometrics (fingerprint or facial recognition) or a security key device for logging in, especially when dealing with financial transactions online.And remember: when it comes to your passwords, something thats easy to remember is probably also something thats easy to steal. The same goes for security questions.2. Connect with Care.If you’re doing any online banking or shopping, check the URL of the site. If it doesn’t have https:// or “shttp://” in the address, it’s not a secure site.If you’re using Wi-Fi hotspots, make sure you check security settings to ensure nobody else can access your machine. Or just wait to conduct business online until you know you’re on a secure Network.Similarly, many scammers will try to funnel you cloned version of real sites through email phishing scams. Instead of clicking the links they send you, go to the website yourself through your web browser.3. Don’t Press “Send” on Your Social Security Number.Never send your Social Security number or any other sensitive account information via email, even if you trust the recipient. Not only is email a favorite tool of modern-day scammers, but having your social security number in some elses inbox means that if they  get hacked,  your  information could be compromised as well.If an employer or someone else really needs that information, provide it in person or through “snail mail.” If you must email it, do so with an encrypted file. Your employers also shouldn’t be sending you tax documents via email.Back in 2016, John Patrick Pullen of Time Magazine wrote an informative piece about why email is so dangerous for protecting your Social Security information in 2016. Check it out to learn more.4. Streamline Your Inbox.Even if you think you’re being careful about n ot sending sensitive information online, you might have old emails hanging out with that personal data available.It’s a good idea to clean out your inboxes anyway, so make a special point of checking for anything that might have Social Security numbers, bank account numbers or other information that financial fraudsters might find tempting.Delete and then empty the trash.5. Keep a Clean Machine.Make sure your security software, web browser, and operating system are all updated. This will lessen the threat from hackers and phishing operations.And also make sure to use security software to scan USBs or other external devices connected to your computer so you don’t pick up any malware or viruses.We know that getting constant messages to update your system is annoying. We dont like it either. But taking the time to update and reboot your computer and your smartphone is worth it.6. When In Doubt, Don’t Click.If you get any emails or messages on social media sites such as Facebook t hat strike you as suspicious, delete and trash them without opening any links.This is especially true if it purports to be from a family member in need. The Federal Trade Commission has a whole page dedicated to these fake emergencies, also sometimes called “the grandparent scam” (presumably because elderly relatives are more susceptible).Dont let the scammer prey on your emotions by inventing a false sense of urgency. If you’re really worried about a loved one, call to find out if anything is happening before you provide financial information online or over the telephone.Even better, ask that  they  call or Skype  you. The last thing a scammer wants to do is blow their cover by letting you see their face/hear their voice. If your loved one refuses to hop on a call, its almost certainly a scam.7. Share With Smarts.In the age of social media, we all put up lots of photos and tidbits about ourselves. But try looking at your posts from the perspective of a thief. Make sure that n othing like old bank statements or any documents containing sensitive data end up in your photos.And thats not the only way that photos can get you in trouble. You should also be skeptical of images people use to identify themselves online. Oftentimes, a quick reverse image search using Google Images  will reveal whether or not that smoking hot dude youre flirting with online is actually five weaselly scammers trying to steal your info.8. To App or Not To App.If you’re adding a new app to your phone or tabletâ€"especially one related to financial management or shoppingâ€"check the security protocols first.Reputable banks and businesses should have that security information readily available for you. If it isn’t, or if you have any other doubts, skip that download.For a list of reputable personal finance apps, check out our App Directory.9. Avoid Suspicious Websites.If you’re on a site with poor design and multiple pop-ups, it’s not only annoying. It could be a clue that the site isn’t legitimate. If you still have to order something from such a site, Kimberly Palmer of U.S. News World Report  suggests that you use a credit card and not a debit card.As she notes, “Most credit cards have strict fraud protections in place. If a thief gains access to your checking account through a debit card, though, he could steal your savings.”Were not often in the business of telling people to use credit cards instead of debit cards, due to the increased risk of racking up high-interest debt. But when it comes to online shopping, by all means, use your credit cardâ€"just make sure you pay it off immediately.10. Own Your Online Presence.This tip also comes courtesy of Stop.Think.Connect, and it provides a macro blueprint for thinking about how your information zips along in our digital world.As they put it, “Personal information is like money. Value it. Protect it. Information about you, such as your purchase history or location, has valueâ€"just like money. Be thoughtful about who gets that information and how it’s collected through apps and websites.”Online shopping and banking operations aren’t going away. If you’re smart and conscientious, shopping and banking online needn’t be a scary experience. But always be sure to weight momentary convenience against the dire implications of having your identity stolen and your bank accounts drained.Were sure youll make the right decision. Now have a happy  National Cyber Security Awareness Month! Dont get scammed by any ghouls!to learn more about protecting yourself from scams and fraudsters, check out these related posts from OppLoans:How to Identify, Avoid, and Report a Government Grant ScamDating App Dangers: 7 Tips to Avoid Getting Scammed by a Fake RomanceDon’t Let Fake Debt Collectors Scam You Out of Money You Don’t Owe10 Common Scams: How They Work and How to Avoid ThemWhat other questions do you have about securing your online info? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Legal institutions in the financial market - Free Essay Example

Legal Institutions and rules are essential to building up strong and vibrant financial markets. Do you agree? As has been acknowledged by many writers, financial markets rely on laws and regulations to ensure that financial transactions occur in predictable ways. This is important for the efficient functioning of markets, as the more confident the participants in said markets are in the laws governing transactions, the more likely they will be to invest, and the more significant their investments. Indeed, given that any free market economy is dependent on the repeated actions and interactions between buyers and sellers of goods and services, some legal protection for both will be vital to ensure that markets remain stable in the long term. However, the generally accepted view is that the law has historically needed to be well developed and consistently applied in order to generate this long term stability. Indeed, as early as the 18th century, Adam Smith (1776) argued that, in order to function properly, markets needed to be guided and regulated to avoid exploitation. Whilst Adam Smith is often cited as promoting minimal outside interference in markets, he nevertheless realised that the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Invisible Handà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ needed a strong legal framework and basis in order to be effective. However, Chase (1971) argues that there are numerous laws and regulations which actually interfere with the efficient operation of many intermediaries in financial markets. Whilst Chaseà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s (1971) work mainly focuses on laws affecting the depositing of funds, the laws as a whole place significant restrictions on new firms entering financial markets, place restrictions on mergers and acquisitions, restrict investment portfolio regulations, and often include mandatory, and inefficient, insurance programs to reduce the risk to external participants. Whilst supporters of these laws claim that they reduce the tendency for internal partic ipants to take excess risks with external participantsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ investments, Chase (1971) argue that they also reduce competition and innovation, thus acting to redcue the performance of markets. Hence, whilst they may increase the security and reliability of transactions, this is not necessarily good for investors who wish to voluntarily sacrifice security for additional performance. Further to this, Strahilevitz (2007) argues that laws and legal interventions can actually pose a threat to the development of more advanced forms of market activity, such as social production. Indeed, this argument is based on the fact that the existing legal and institutional framework actually acts to maintain the status quo, hence reducing the chance that initiatives such as social production will increase market participation and help reduce the gap between the rich and the poor. However, Walker (2000) makes the point that, whereas traditional markets involve exchanging goods or servic es for payment, financial markets are fundamentally based on exchanging money in expectation of future rewards. These rewards may be interest, potential capital appreciation, or a right to future corporate earnings, but the key factor is that the promised returns must be creditable. As such, legal rules and frameworks such as bankruptcy provisions and loan securities, together with recourse to the courts should there be a dispute over a debt or a contract, are vital for ensuring this credibility. In particular, Walker cites and analyses the Asian financial crisis as an example of how inadequate security and creditworthiness in the global financial market triggered a major crisis. However, whilst Walker (2000) argues that the legal and regulatory framework should develop with the market, in order to support ongoing financial stability; this is often not what occurs in real life. Instead, regulations such as Basel II and Sarbanes-Oxley were created and enacted only in response to issu es, such as the Enron fraud, as said issues arose. Indeed, there are growing arguments in favour of embracing the concept of the social market economy, whereby the market is regulated by social cohesion, with only a basic framework of legal rules and regulations. As such, the normalisation of transactions in the market is driven by shared cultural values and common interpretations of fairness and reliability. There is still recourse to the courts for any major issues encountered in the markets, but the spirit of the agreements between buyers, sellers and intermediaries is considered, rather than the letter of the agreements. As such, the market has more of a constitutional status than a legal and regulatory focus (Ebner, 2006). Whilst this type of market will likely require more conceptual development before it can be made viable on a large scale, it offers the chance to move away from constricting and reactive legal and regulatory frameworks and towards a more holistic model of the market. However, in the short term, it is clear that legal rules are still a vital component of a well functioning market economy. Gianetti (2003) argues that legal rules, along with firm characteristics and financial development, are vital factors in the raising of corporate finance; which in itself is a vital part of any financial market. As part of this argument, Gianetti (2003) demonstrates that rules providing a good level of protection for creditors increase the flow of capital within the market, particularly for unsecured loans or firms operating in volatile sectors. This is particularly important in developing nations, where their stock market is less advanced; as the majority of firms will unlisted and thus will need to raise more finance from debt, rather than equity. In addition, providing legal rules which support the rights of creditors, and provide functioning enforcement mechanisms, tends to increase the amout of long term debt available to firms (Giannetti, 20 03). However, Bar-Gill and Fershtman (2004) argue that legal rules have a more important role than simply incentivising markets; rather the rules actually change participantsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ preferences and behaviours. As such, given that free markets invariably encourage participantsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ self interests, it is necessary to understand how laws and regulations affect preferences and behaviour, as well as how they affect outcomes. As such, Bar-Gill and Fershtman (2004) argue that legal rules must be created to address all individual concerns, particularly their concerns around being treated fairly, in order to encourage efficient and productive behaviour by market participants. As such, legal rules such as enhancing the remedies available to participants for breaches of contract will likely reduce the equilibrium preferences for fairness, as the participants seek contracts which are more advantageous for themselves. However, Kerwer (2005) argues that the efficient regulation of financial markets needs to move away from rigid legal rules, and towards more voluntary and alternative options such as best practice rules and standards. This is based on the claim that, where these standards can be agreed, they can be highly effective in moderating behaviour, to a greater extent than rigid legal rules. In particular, standards have influence because they are based on the knowledge and expertise of the market participants, rather than being driven by outside institutional agencies, and will thus be more acceptable for states which want to maintain their regulatory autonomy. For example, the Sarbanes-Oxley legislation was passed by the US Senate, and thus creates problems for firms looking to do business in the United States, whilst being based in a nation which has not adopted the Sarbanes-Oxley requirements. In addition, Kerwer (2005) argues that global standard setters can often be held more accountable than regulatory institutions setting legal ru les, as the standard setters will answer to the market, not to the government. This implies that standards could play an important future role in market regulation. Rodrik and Subramanian (2003) argue that institutions are vital to the development, regulation and maintenance of stable financial markets. However, they acknowledge that there is no one institutional framework which will be suitable for all settings, with many different nations having different institutional frameworks with varying degrees of success. Indeed, this is supported by Stephen et al (2005) who argue that whilst institutions are important in promoting entrepreneurial activity in both developing and developed nations, nations need to take a contingent approach to the development of said institutions. Stephen et alà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s (2005) work supports the fact that legal rules and institutions need to protect creditors and investors, in order for financial markets and economies to grow. However, there are no such prescriptive solutions for the nature of the institutions needed to support this growth. This argument is further developed by Teubner (2002) who argues that the process of globalisation is deconstructing the traditional framework of legal and institutional norms; making pluralism a driving force in formation of global markets. As such, a new framework for legal and regulatory institutions is required if said institutions are to remain relevant in the modern global economy. A similar argument has led Ramirez (2007) to argue that the legal structure underlying corporate governance standards in the United States, and the wider world, needs to be altered to reflect this changing nature. In particular, the inherent nature of corporate governance implies that it should be based upon the verdicts and influence of the market. This implies that corporate governance best practice and à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"scienceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ should be used to largely replace the current institution al framework, as these institutions are largely driven by political concerns and are thus poorly equipped to impose relevant standards (Ramirez, 2007). In spite of the growing backlash against the institutional dominance of the financial markets, many academics continue to argue that legal and regulatory institutions are essential to maintain strong financial markets. This is largely due to the fact that institutions set up to protect investors have been shown to increase the strength of markets by reducing and controlling information asymmetries (Black, 2001). In addition, Musacchio (2008) argues that institutions are vital in ensuring continued creditor protections and the enforcement of financial contracts such as bond contracts. However, Musacchio (2008) also argues that institutions are somewhat constrained by past legal traditions, and thus have an inherent tendency to be backwards looking when attempting to regulate markets. Oà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢Driscoll and Hoskins (2006) a lso recognise this backwards looking tendency, however they argue that this is largely restricted to government institutions. As such, they claim that markets are characterised and governed by both prices, and by market rules and institutions, with government institutions often undermining the existing system of market based regulation. However, it is important to recognise that some institutions do not always act to support the economy; rather they use the legal frameworks and existing institutions to act against the market for their own self interest. By far the most well known of these institutions are the trade unions, who have been argue to both promote and reduce levels of economic efficiency and social welfare in markets (Kaufman, 2005). This is because the trade unions are well versed in the rigid legal rules and regulations, and thus are able to use them to their advantage by arguing that the laws they are using are designed to increase social welfare. They also take adv antage of the fact that many lawyers will be systematically optimistic about their ability to use the legal frameworks to their advantage in court. As such, they will frequently use the threat of litigation, and its associated costs, to force any opponents into a favourable settlement (Bar-Gill, 2006). This is argued to be due to the current design of the legal and institutional framework, which serves to support any court action against market participants, thus arguably decreasing the efficiency of the markets and placing a financial burden on participants. As such, it is clear from both sides of the argument that legal rules and institutions are essential components of a strong market. Without them, unscrupulous participants would be able to operate with impunity, breaking contracts and failing to repay loans. Whilst internal market regulations could impose penalties on these participants, without the backing of legal rules and institutions, there would be no effective way of enforcing these penalties. However, whilst there is a strong argument in favour of a strong, basic legal framework to protect creditors and enforce contracts, there is also an argument that any further regulation is better performed by market based institutions, rather than legal rules and government institutions. In particular, critics of legal regulation argue that the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in the United States has damaged the American financial markets, whilst the market based Financial Services Authority in the UK has helped increase the UK marketà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s competitiveness by providing a more market based form of regulation (Bloomberg and Schumer, 2007). This market driven regulation also helps reduce the occurrence of corporate lawsuits in the UK, thus further reducing the burden on market participants. As such, whilst legal rules and institutions are vital parts of strong, stable markets, it is important to recognise that they should only form part of the overall market framework, and should not be used to the exclusion of other factors such as best practice, market standards and market based institutions. References Bar-Gill, O. (2006) The Evolution and Persistence of Optimism in Litigation. Journal of Law, Economics Organization; Vol. 22, Issue 2, p. 490-507. Bar-Gill, O. and Fershtman, C. (2004) Law and Preferences. Journal of Law, Economics Organization; Vol. 20, Issue 2, p. 331-353. Black, B. S. (2001) The Legal And Institutional Preconditions For Strong Securities Markets. UCLA Law Review; Vol. 48, Issue 4, p. 781. Bloomberg, M. R. and Schumer, C. E. (2007) Sustaining New Yorkà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s and the USà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Global Financial Services Leadership. City of New York / United States Senate. Chase Jr., S. B. (1971) Financial Structure and Regulation: Some Knotty Problems. Journal of Finance; Vol. 26, Issue 2, p. 585-597. Cranston, R. (2003) Principles of Banking Law: 2nd Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ebner, A. (2006) The intellectual foundations of the social market economy. Journal of Economic Studies; Vol. 33, Issue 3, p. 206-223. Giannetti, M. (2003) Do Better Institutions Mitigate Agency Problems? Evidence from Corporate Finance Choices. Journal of Financial Quantitative Analysis; Vol. 38, Issue 1, p. 185-212. Kaufman, B. E. (2005) Historical Insights: The Early Institutionalists on Trade Unionism and Labor Policy. Journal of Labor Research; Vol. 26, Issue 1, p. 1-32. Kerwer, D. (2005) Rules that Many Use: Standards and Global Regulation. Governance; Vol. 18, Issue 4, p. 611-632. Musacchio, A. (2008) Can Civil Law Countries Get Good Institutions? Lessons from the History of Creditor Rights and Bond Markets in Brazil. Journal of Economic History; Vol. 68, Issue 1, p. 80-108. ODriscoll Jr., G. P. and Hoskins, L. (2006) The Case For Market-Based Regulation. CATO Journal; Vol. 26, Issue 3, p. 469-487. Ramirez, S. A. (2007) The End of Corporate Governance Law: Optimizing Regulatory Structures for a Race to the Top. Yale Journal on Regulation; Vol. 24, Issue 2, p. 313-359. Rodrik, D. and Subramanian, A. (2003) The Primacy of Institutions. Finance and Development; Vol. 40, Issue 2, p. 31-34. Smith, A. (1776) An Inquiry Into The Nature And Causes Of The Wealth Of Nations. London: The Adam Smith Institute. Stephen, F. H. Urbano, D. and van Hemmen, S. (2005) The impact of institutions on entrepreneurial activity. Managerial Decision Economics; Vol. 26, Issue 7, p. 413-419. Strahilevitz, L. J. (2007) Wealth Without Markets? Yale Law Journal; Vol. 116, Issue 7, p. 1472-1516. Walker, J. L. (2000) Building the Legal and Regulatory Framework. Building an Infrastructure for Financial Stability, Conference Series No. 44, Rosengren, E. S. and Jordan, J. S. (Eds) Paper presented at the Conference of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston; June 2000, p. 31-66.

How to Select a Science Fair Project Topic

Great science fair projects dont need to be expensive or difficult. Even so, science fair projects can be very stressful and frustrating for students, parents, and teachers! Here are some tips for coming up with science fair project ideas, deciding how to turn an idea into a clever project, performing the science fair project, writing a meaningful report about it, and presenting a great-looking, sturdy display. The key to getting the most out of your science fair project is to start working on it as soon as possible! If you wait until the last minute you will feel rushed, which leads to feelings of frustration and anxiety, which makes good science harder than it needs to be. These steps for developing a science project work, even if you procrastinate until the last possible minute, but your experience wont be as much fun! Science Fair Project Ideas Some people are brimming with great science project ideas. If you are one of those lucky students, feel free to skip to the next section. If, on the other hand, the brainstorming part of the project is your first hurdle, read on! Coming up with ideas isnt a matter of brilliance. Its a matter of practice! Dont try to come up with only one idea and make it work. Come up with lots of ideas. First: think about what interests you. If your science project is restricted to a subject, then think about your interests within those limits. This is a chemistry site, so Ill use chemistry as an example. Chemistry is a huge, broad category. Are you interested in foods? properties of materials? toxins? drugs? chemical reactions? salt? tasting colas? Go through everything you can think of that relates to your broad topic and write down anything that sounds interesting to you. Dont be timid. Give yourself a brainstorming time limit (like 15 minutes), enlist the help of friends, and dont stop thinking or writing until the time is up. If you cant think of anything that interests you about your subject (hey, some classes are required, but not everyones cup of tea, right?), then force yourself to think up and write down every topic under that subject until your time is up. Write down broad topics, write down specific topics. Write anything that comes to mind - have fun! See, there are LOTS of ideas! If you were desperate, you had to resort to ideas on websites or in your textbook, but you should have some ideas for projects. Now, you need to narrow them down and refine your idea into a workable project. Science is based on the scientific method, which means you need to come up with a testable hypothesis for a good project. Basically, you need to find a question about your topic that you can test to find an answer. Look over your idea list (dont be afraid to add to it at any time or cross off items that you dont like... its your list, after all) and write down questions that you can ask and can test. There are some questions you cant answer because you dont have the time or the materials or the permission to test. With respect to time, think of a question that can be tested over a fairly short time span. Avoid panic and dont try to answer questions that take most of the time you have for the entire project. An example of a question that can be answered quickly: Can cats be right or left pawed? Its a simple yes or no question. You can get preliminary data (assuming you have a cat and a toy or treats) in a matter of seconds, and then determine how you will construct a more formal experiment. (My data indicates yes, a cat can have a paw preference. My cat is left-pawed, just in case you are wondering.) This example illustrates a couple of points. First, yes/no, positive/negative, more/less/same, quantitative questions are easier to test/answer than value, judgement, or qualitative questions. Second, a simple test is better than a complicated test. If you can, plan to test one simple question. If you combine variables (Like determining whether paw use varies between males and females or according to age), you will make your project infinitely more difficult. Heres a first chemistry question: What concentration of salt (NaCl) needs to be in water before you can taste it? If you have a calculator, measuring utensils, water, salt, tongue, pen, and paper, youre set! Then you can proceed to the next section on experimental design. Still stumped? Take a break and go back to the brainstorming section later. If you are having a mental block, you need to relax in order to overcome it. Do something that relaxes you, whatever that may be. Play a game, take a bath, go shopping, exercise, meditate, do housework... as long as you get your mind off of the subject for a bit. Come back to it later. Enlist help from family and friends. Repeat as necessary and then continue to the next step.

Common Problems of Freshmen Students - 3749 Words

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If you are on your way into college you might want to get a jump on†¦show more content†¦These elements also find themselves in the dynamics of sexual discovery between college students, and if not guided properly, their injection into this discourse, as well as this topic in its own right, can serve as another challenging element for first year students. Finally, managing finances and maintaining financial viability is a challenge for all students, particularly first year student. 4. Also, in college, students are free to manage their own schedules and their own time. Because of this, they arrange classes wrong (too early, too late, too far apart), which sets them up for disaster and offers too much temptation not attending classes at all. On the same token, they do not have the organizational skills needed to ensure that the proper amount of time is allotted to finish projects and reading assignments in a timely way, yet still ensuring high standards. Many freshmen do not have the study skills and discipline they need to immediately be successful. They often do not make use of resources available to them (tutoring, remediation, study skills classes, or office hours of professors). Consequently, many freshmen end up dropping out of school in first year of college. In addition, many freshmen’s enters college with unrealistic expectation. They are not certain what to expect or they believe that the college experience will be much like the high school expe rience. This is not the case and many times they find that they willShow MoreRelatedStudy Habits1368 Words   |  6 Pages. College students, especially freshmen, are a group particularly prone to stress (DZurilla Sheedy, 1991) due to the transitional nature of college life (Towbes Cohen, 1996). They must adjust to being away from home for the first time, maintain a high level of academic achievement, and adjust to a new social environment. 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Definition Of Capitalism By Karl Marx - 1155 Words

Question 6 of 10 What is alienation according to Marx? Karl Marx believed that when you have no connection to the work that you do it alienates you. Alienation is when people become foreigners to the world in which they live. He believed that we should not hate the work that we do, in fact people should take immense pride in what they do. The key to life should be enjoyment and you should have meaning in your life which does not depend on what you posses in material goods. Alienation meant a loss of control for people, more specifically their loss of control over their own labor. Capitalism brought along divisions of labor in a factory, which meant workers needed to specialize in specific tasks that realized parts of their capabilities,†¦show more content†¦That societies culture, beliefs, norms, etc. are all based around economics. He believe that the shift to capitalism changed how the superstructure worked in drastic ways. 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The Individuals With Disabilities Act - 846 Words

â€Å"The Individuals with Disabilities Act (IDEA) is a federal law that requires schools to serve the educational needs of eligible students with disabilities† (Lee, 2014). IDEA was first put into place to protect the rights of children with disabilities and serves students from when they are infants through high school graduation or when they turn the age of 21. Because of IDEA, all children, including those with disabilities, are entitled to a free and appropriate public education (FAPE). IDEA also requires all students to get their education in the least restrictive environment. This means that all students, even those with disabilities, must be taught in general education classrooms as long as the special education department determines that is the best placement for them given their disability. This ensures the best possible education for all students. Not all students with learning disabilities are covered under IDEA. There are 13 types of disabilities that can make a student eligible for IDEA. They are: autism, deaf-blindness, deafness, emotional disturbance, hearing impaired, intellectual disability, multiple disabilities, orthopedic impairment, other health impairment (OHI, which includes ADHD), specific learning disability, speech and language impairment, traumatic brain injury and visual impairment, including blindness (Lee, 2014). What makes a student eligible for IDEA is that they have one of the 13 disabilities listed above and, as a result of thatShow MoreRelatedThe Individual With Disabilities Act974 Words   |  4 Pages The Individual with Disabilities Act (IDEA, 2001) is the federal act enacted to ensure all students with disabilities receive a free appropriate public education (FAPE). Once a student has received the proper assessments and is found eligible for services an IEP is written to address student weaknesses. Mandates in IDEA (2001) oversee how states and other public agencies provide early intervention and related services to students in need. As part of IDEA, students with disabilities are requiredRead MoreIndividuals with Disabilities Act2122 Words   |  9 PagesA. The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments of 1997 (IDEA), is a federal special education law and was signed into law in June 1997. The IDEA pledges that each child with a disability as well as students who need special education services has the right to a free proper public education, with the least restrictive environment. Below are the six components that are included in the IDEA. 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Initially, the individualization of programing was to arrange suitable services of each child wi th a disability. Parent and educators praise this feature of IDEA legislation. Even with the support educators and parents for IEPs, they still had some criticism of the process. The quantity of paperwork required to complete a compliant IEPRead MoreIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act1188 Words   |  5 PagesIndividuals with Disabilities Education Act The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was initially passed in 1975. Prior to the passage of the IDEA, many people with disabilities were denied access to public education and many were relegated to institutions. The IDEA guarantees individuals with disabilities a free and appropriate education (FAPE) in a least restrictive environment (LRE). 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The Purpose of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act is to give students with disabilities the rights and educational opportunities as children without disabilities. IDEA is separated into four parts: A. General Provisions B. Assistance for education of all children with disabilities C. Infants

Career Service Free Essays

Allyssa Snyder Career services 9 am class 1-9-13 Employability skills in an office My paper is going to be focused on the topic how will you use employability skills and in your career. Employability skills are very important in my career because you are around people all the time. If you didn’t have communication in a dental office you wouldn’t get anything done if you didn’t have teamwork in an office you would have to pay more people to do it individually if you don’t solve problems the there will always be problems in the office. We will write a custom essay sample on Career Service or any similar topic only for you Order Now Initiative in an office is important so that people can get tasks done faster and shows responsibility and politics. Planning and organization is also needed in an office so that you can schedule appointments and organize where the supplies and office equipment goes in the office. Self-management is how you keep yourself on time, responsible, and in self-control essay writer premium 3d. Learning in an office is important because you learn new things and new techniques and you are never too old to learn new things. Technology is very important and office because you have you are growing every year and you need to keep up with the new technology and office. Communication in an office is important, between the boss and their employees, between the employees and the patient’s. The communication between the boss and their employees is important so that they know what to do in the office and how you want things were on. The communication between the employee and the patient is important so they know what’s wrong what they need. It is also important during scheduling. When you are working in an office you should also be a people person, you don’t want to have a negative attitude around patients. If you have a bad attitude when you are around patients they won’t want back to your office. That is why I think communication is important in an office. Teamwork in an office is common between the dental assistant and the dentist. If there wasn’t teamwork in the office there would be no dental assistants and the dentist would be working alone. It would take longer for the patient to be seen and also the octor would be tired by the end of the day. The dental assistant and dentist work together to examine the patient, do procedures on the patient. The dental assistant handles the paper work and scheduling for the doctor. Problem solving is an important skill to have, when you’re in an office and something happens you have to know how to handle is calmly, quietly and quickly. You don’t want the office to find out what happe ned and they worry what’s going on. When there is a problem with the insurance company that is when communication skills come in. ou have to know how to talk to them to resolve the problem. If there is a problem with the doctor then you have to remain calm when you talk to him and you have to know how to ask questions and listen to what they say. That’s why problem solving is important in a dental office. Organization and planning is useful in an office. When you are organized you know where things are in the office. You wouldn’t have a problem knowing where charts are, supplies and equipment is. Planning is useful in a office so that you know what the schedule is for the day and what the doctor is doing. Without those two skills the office would be very chaotic. You would not know where anything was or when appointments are. That’s why organization and planning is useful in an office. Self-management is when you are responsible for yourself and you go to work on time, do what your suppose to and take on new commitment. If you don’t make it to work on time or do not show up then the office would be short handed and you would of left then in a tight spot with less employees to see the patients for the day. If you don’t do what your suppose to then that means someone else has to do it, and that is not fair. That’s what you need to have good self- management skills or you would will not make it far in life. There are new techniques and technology that you have to learn. The technology is important so that you can know how to schedule appointment, know how to do the charting and most important emails and phone calls so that you can keep in touch with the employees and the patients. All these skills are important so that you can have a successful career in anything you do. All my examples are in the dental field because that’s the field I am going into. The three most important to my success is communication, so you can ask questions. Team work, not all the stress is not me if we work as a team. The last skill that is important to me is learning, so I know what the office is doing, what technology and also what techniques the doctor uses. How to cite Career Service, Papers

Aqua culture Essay Example For Students

Aqua culture Essay Aquaculture is a great benefit to the population. Protein filled fish arent consumed by humans half as much as beef and chicken(fish 7kg, beef 31kg and 29kg of chicken). With a shortage of fish due to dams, pollution, and habitat lose fish are a high expense so many people are optioning for the less expensive beef and chicken. Fish is an excellent source of nutrition and a healthier source of protein than beef and chicken. Being lower in cholesterol, and having fewer calories than beef it is definitely better but more expensive. Cold-water fish suck as salmon and the makerel, contain large amounts of omega-3 fatty acids, which may prevent heart disease. There are many kinds of fish that can be mass produced such as salmon, sturgeon, yellowtail, shrimp, lobsters, crabs, oysters, and clams. With numbers this high in fish that can be grazed it will soon give some relief on the meat industry. Aguaculture does ha a negative effect on the environment though, and its not all fish that can be mass produced because of the environment they have to live in. With disease at a high rate and being very common in these aqaucultures that is why most fish cant survive in these tight areas. With all the diseases and high cost to keep these places up and running it makes aquaculture an expensive investment and sometimes not worth it to the investor. Along with disease and high numbers of fish comes fish waste. Fish waste is high in these small contained areas and most of these areas are located on the coastal lines of our beaches. In turn polluting our swimming water and other types of fish that arent being farmed. Aquaculture has many good parts to it and many bad parts just like all other types of farming. I feel though that it is a good thing to the environment and population to make fish more easily accessible, and to give the meat farms some relief. Graising animals ruin many acres of land each year and if we were to eat more fish and less meat less open land rain forests would be destroyed from pasteurization. But with fish farming that would bring about more hormone raised food.

Competitive Strategy Strategy Formulation

Question: Describe about the Competitive Strategy for Strategy Formulation. Answer: Strategy: Key ideas: According to Aljneibi et al., (2015) in the present world business is considered to be modern wars and the business strategies are considered to be the war weapons. Therefore, the executives of the companies require constructing a set of strategies which are complex and lead to Victory. There are many different concepts and definitions given on the strategy, however; most of the companies could not distinguish between the strategy and the different objectives and tactics of the company (Rothaermel, 2015). A good strategy or for the formulation of a good strategy, a few points are needed to be included: a) Place: This one of the important question that requires being answered before the formation of the strategies of the company. Before planning the company strategies, the company first needs to decide and analyze the place where it requires selling its products and the competitors with whom it has to compete. b) Product: The next question is what ways can the company about the type of the product which the company deals with. The kind of product dealt with the company requires the appropriate market for its selling. c) Resources: For the development of the strategies the company also requires to focus on its resource availability also. For the implementation of the strategies that have been formed by the company, there is a requirement of the resource. d) Value sustention: The next factor is that in what ways the company could provide its customers with good and unique products so that it could keep up with the interest of the companies and maintain the sales flow of its products (com, 2016). Organization that would benefit from the application of strategy in their management: There are many of the companies that started well but do not have an effective management and marketing strategy for their business. As such is a company named Borders, a global book retailer that was founded in the year 1971. This was a company that at the starting had a very good employment services, and everyone there worked with utmost interest and sincerity, and the customer response was also excellent responsive. The company established its success for almost 20 years and then got acquainted with a department store chain named Kmart. Kmart was store chain that dealt with the clothes, jewelry, and toys. The two store chains were merged with a forecast of great success together. However, this did not turn out to be a success. The Borders earlier management team started leaving the company, and the customer response also got Detroit. The customers of the Borders were much interested in the book that it provided its customers with instead of the new chain of the clothes, toys and j ewelry that it collaborated with (TIME.com., 2016) In this case, the problem with the Borders Company was the strategy that it could not understand the product requirement of its customers. The problem with the Kmart Company was that it could not recognize the appropriate market place for the sales of its goods and instead collaborated with the Borders Company that does not have the correct market for the Kmart product. If these companies had applied their market strategies in a better way, these companies would not have poor management and organization (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). Business model innovation: Key ideas: Innovation is the most important and the key factor for any company to reduce or avoid its defeat due to dependency and also to survive and be competitive in todays world of competition. Innovation does not entirely refer to the innovating of the new technology and new development. It refers to the reconstructing and reinventing the already existing business model of a company. It could be described as the ability to learn and absorbing the techniques and the other important factors from the other companies and implementing them in the own companies so that the existing business model of the company could be improved (YouTube., 2016). This could be done by process of initiation, ideation, integration and implementation. Initiation means to analyze the own business model of the company for better assistance. Ideation is the confronting of the existing business model of the company with the 55 business models and developing and improvising the existing model. Integration is the checkin g and assuring of the consistency of the improved business model. The last step, implementation is the actually implementing the improved business model in the day to day business of the company. There are different techniques of the business model innovation used by many of the well know companies. Such, the Gillette is proving razors to the world at a very low price. However, the price of the blades of the company is obscenely higher. This is the business model innovation as the razor would definitely require blades and therefore, people would have to buy the blades so that they could use the razor. Organization that would benefit from the application of business model innovation in their management: The Blackberry, one of the most leading brands of mobile phones and business phones at a time, could be an example of a company that got Detroit because of not adopting new business model and to adapt the changing of the world. The company got its sales graph increased very fast and according to the graph also decreased. The Blackberry failed to adapt itself to the changing time and the changing taste of their customers (Martins, Rindova, Greenbaum, 2015). The customers with the rise of the Apple iphones and other android based smart phones, the passport smart phones of the Blackberry Company got demised somewhere in the middle. Slowly the taste of the consumers changed, however, the business model of the Blackberry yet remained the same. This dropped the total sales position of the company and in the present, the total market share of Blackberry is only 3%. However, now the Blackberry has realized their mistake and is now working on the improvisation of the business model. It has b een expected that Blackberry would regain itself and recover in a few years, however, it still would way far back from the companies like Apple and Samsung (Global.blackberry.com) References: 5 Reasons Borders Went Out of Business (and What Will Take Its Place) | TIME.com. (2016).TIME.com. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://business.time.com/2011/07/19/5-reasons-borders-went-out-of-business-and-what-will-take-its-place/ Aljneibi, S. S., Pollard, D., Soliman, A. (2015). Effectiveness of Strategic Evaluation's Tools on the Continuity of Internal Operations: A phenomenological study of the MOI in UAE.INNOVATIVE ORGANISATIONS AND GLOBAL MANAGEMENT: ISSUES AND POLICIES, 13. BlackBerry Enterprise Mobility, BBM, Smartphones Support - Global. (2016).Global.blackberry.com. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://global.blackberry.com/en/home.html Business Model Innovation. (2016).YouTube. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B4ZSGQW0UMI Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Martins, L. L., Rindova, V. P., Greenbaum, B. E. (2015). Unlocking the hidden value of concepts: a cognitive approach to business model innovation.Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal,9(1), 99-117. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015).Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. What is Strategy?. (2016).YouTube. Retrieved 10 September 2016, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TD7WSLeQtVw

Volcanoes Essay Example For Students

Volcanoes Essay By Tricia Severson2nd hour Science4/30/98A volcano is a vent, or opening, in the surface of the Earth through which magma andassociated gases and ash erupt. The word also refers to the form or structure, usuallyconical, produced by accumulations of erupted material. Volcanoes occur mainly nearplate tectonic boundaries and are especially common around the Pacific basin, called thePacific Ring of Fire (see Plate Tectonics). Humanity has long been awed by this powerful force of nature. The Romans attributedvolcanic events to Vulcan, the god of fire and metalworking. In AD 79 the eruption ofMount Vesuvius destroyed the Roman cities of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Polynesiansbelieve volcanoes to be ruled by the fire goddess Pele. One of the most spectacularvolcanic eruptions in recorded history occurred in 1883 with the explosion of Krakatoa,an island in the Sunda Strait near Java (see Krakatoa). A more recent example is thedramatic 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in the Cascade Range in Wa shington State. Volcano Formation and EruptionsVolcanic eruptions may be violent, even catastrophic, or relatively mild. The mostexplosive eruptions are essentially blasts of steam that create spectacular displays. We will write a custom essay on Volcanoes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Quieter fissure eruptions occur when molten rock pushes through long cracks in theEarths crust and floods the surrounding landscape. Such repeated outpourings of lava canfill surrounding valleys and bury low hills, creating thick lava sequences that eventuallybecome plateaus (see Plateau). The origin of molten rock, referred to by geologists as magma, is not clearlyunderstood. About 80 percent of all magma is composed of basalt rock. Geophysicalresearch suggests that volcanic magma forms near the base of the Earths crust and movesupward to a shallow magma chamber before erupting at the surface. Magmas risebecause they are less dense than the rocks at lower depths, and their heat probablyweakens surrounding rocks. The upward movement of magma may also be due toexpanding gases within the molten rock or to chemical reactions that dissolve rocksabove the magma. Volcanic material moves toward the surface through channelways, orvolcanic conduits, and is extruded through vents at the Earths surface. (See also Lavaand Magma.) Eruptions take different forms depending on the composition of the magma when itreaches the surface. Sudden eruptions are often associated with low-viscosity (morefluid) magma where the expanding gases form a froth that becomes a light, glassy rockcalled pumice. In eruptions of high-viscosity (thicker) magmas, the gas pressure shattersthe rock into fragments. Pyroclastic rocks, formed by volcanic explosion, are namedaccording to size: volcanic ash if sand-sized or smaller, volcanic bombs if larger. Consolidated ash is called tuff. Quieter, more passive eruptions release fluid basalt lavafrom dikes or dike swarms (magma intrusions that cut across layers of rock). Theseeruptions cover large areas and often produce ropy, or pahoehoe, lava flows. Thickerbasalt lava breaks into chunks or blocks, forming blocky lava flows, called aa. The products of volcanism may be classified into two groups: lava and pyroclastics. Lava is the fluid phase of volcanic activity. Pyroclastics (also called tephra) arevarious-sized particles of hot debris thrown out of a volcano. Whether lava orpyroclastics are being ejected, the eruption is normally accompanied by the expulsion ofwater and gases, many of which are poisonous. Lava usually forms long, narrow rivers ofmolten rock that flow down the slopes of a volcano. Explosive eruptions tend to be spectacular events best observed from a safe distance. Earthquakes, high columns of vapors, lightning, and strong whirlwinds often accompanythe explosions. The eruption of Krakatoa unleashed a tsunami, a large seismic sea wave,that swept the coasts of Java and Sumatra and drowned more than 36,000 people. Avolcano can grow with frightening speed and often affects territory far beyond the areaon which the cone forms. When volcanoes are born in the sea, the eruptions may be moreviolent than those on land because the contact between molten rock and seawaterproduces steam. Volcanoes also create craters and calderas. Craters are formed either by the massivecollapse of material during volcanic activity, by unusually violent explosions, or later byerosion during dormancy. Calderas are large, basin-shaped depressions. Most of them areformed after a magma chamber drains and no longer supports the overlying cone, whichthen collapses inward to create the basin. One of the most famous examples is thestill-active Kilauea caldera in Hawaii. Types of Vo lcanoesVolcanoes are usually classified by shape and size. These are determined by such factorsas the volume and type of volcanic material ejected, the sequence and variety oferuptions, and the environment. Among the most common types are shield volcanoes,stratovolcanoes, and cinder cones. Shield volcanoes have a low, broad profile created by highly fluid basalt flows thatspread over wide areas. The fluid basalt cannot build up a cone with sides much steeperthan 7 degrees. Over thousands of years, however, these cones can reach massive size. .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 , .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .postImageUrl , .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 , .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:hover , .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:visited , .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:active { border:0!important; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:active , .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451 .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u40e6877bf5f7a253607d0e3d71b65451:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mars 3 EssayThe Hawaiian Islands are composed of shield volcanoes that have built up from the seafloor to the surface some 3 miles (5 kilometers) above. Peaks such as Mauna Loa andMauna Kea rise to more than 13,600 feet (4,145 meters) above sea level. Hawaii is thelargest lava structure in the world, while Mauna Loa, if measured from the sea floor, isthe worlds largest mountain in terms of both height and volume. Stratovolcanoes are the most common volcanic form. They are composed of alternatinglayers of lava and pyroclastic material. When a quiet lava flow ends, it creates a seal ofsolidified lava within the conduit of the volcano. Pressure gradually builds up below,setti ng the stage for a violent blast of pyroclastic material. These alternating cycles repeatthemselves, giving stratovolcanoes a violent reputation. A cinder cone is a conical hill of mostly cinder-sized pyroclastics. The profile of thecone is determined by the angle of repose, that is, the steepest angle at which debrisremains stable and does not slide downhill. Larger cinder fragments, which fall near thesummit, can form slopes exceeding 30 degrees. Finer particles are carried farther fromthe vent and form gentle slopes of about 10 degrees at the base of the cone. Thesevolcanoes tend to be explosive but may also extrude some lava. Cinder cones arenumerous, occur in all sizes, and tend to rise steeply above the surrounding area. Thoseoccurring on the flanks of larger volcanoes are called parasitic cones. Volcanic activity typically alternates between short active periods and much longerdormant periods. An extinct volcano is one that is not erupting and is not likely to eruptin the fut ure. A dormant volcano, while currently inactive, has erupted within historictimes and is likely to do so in the future. An inactive volcano is one that has not beenknown to erupt within historic times. Such classification is arbitrary, however, sincealmost any volcano is capable of erupting again. In the late stages of volcanic activity, magma can heat circulating groundwater,producing hot springs and geysers (see Geyser and Fumarole). A geyser is a hot-waterfountain that spouts intermittently with great force. One of the best-known examples isOld Faithful in Yellowstone National Park. Fumaroles are vents that emit gas fumes orsteam. Volcanoes occur along belts of tension, where continental plates diverge, and alongbelts of compression, where the plates converge. Styles of eruption and types of lava areassociated with different kinds of plate boundaries. Most lavas that issue from vents inoceanic divergence zones and from midoceanic volcanoes are basaltic. Where oceanplates collide , the rock types basalt and andesite predominate. Near the zone where anocean plate and continental margin converge, consolidated ash flows are found. Nearly 1,900 volcanoes are active today or known to have been active in historicaltimes. Of these, almost 90 percent are situated in the Pacific Ring of Fire. This belt partlycoincides with the young mountain ranges of western North and South America, and thevolcanic island arcs fringing the north and western sides of the Pacific basin. TheMediterranean-Asian orogenic belt has few volcanoes, except for Indonesia and theMediterranean where they are more numerous. Oceanic volcanoes are strung along theworlds oceanic ridges, while the remaining active volcanoes are associated with theAfrican rift valleys. Study of Volcanic Eruptions Volcanology, a branch of geology, is the study of volcanoes and volcanic activity. Although volcanoes are difficult to study because of the hazards involved, volcanoobservatories have existed for decades. Scientists observe active volcanoes to obtain information that might help predict thetiming and intensity of eruptions. Sensitive instruments detect changes in temperature,chemical composition of emissions, Earth movements, magnetic fields, gravity, and otherphysical properties of the volcano. Modern networks of seismographs provideinformation on the internal structure and activity of volcanoes (see Earthquake). Theintensity, frequency, and location of earthquakes provide important clues to volcanicactivity, particularly impending eruptions. Movements of magma typically producenumerous tremors, sometimes exceeding 1,000 per day. An almost continuous tremorgenerally accompanies a lava outpouring. Tiltmeters (instruments that measure tilting ofthe ground) help detect swelling and deflation of the volcano caused by the accumulationand movement of magma. Researchers a lso monitor variations in the chemistry andpetrology of the lavas and the chemistry of emitted gases. Volcanoes erupt in a wide variety of ways. Even a single volcano may go throughseveral eruption phases in one active period. Eruptions are classified according to thegeochemical composition and viscosity of the lavas, nature of the flows or ash release,and associated phenomena. Magmatic eruptions are the most common, but the mostviolent arise from steam explosions when the fiery magma reaches surface water, ice, orgroundwater. Pelean eruptions, named after the 1902 eruption of Mount Pele on the Caribbeanisland of Martinique, are characterized by incandescent flows of rock and pumicefragments. The entrapment of high-temperature gases in these glowing avalanches,known by the French term nue ardente, is associated with a particularly violent phase oferuption. Eruptions of intermediate force are typified by Plinian eruptions, named after Pliny theElder, who witnessed the volcanic destru ction of Pompeii and Herculaneum. Plinianeruptions are characterized by both the extrusion of high-viscosity lava flows and theviolent explosion of released gases that blast huge quantities of ash, cinders, bombs, andblocks skyward. Volcanic mudflows, landslides, and lahars (flows of volcanic debris)may also follow, particularly if the eruptions are accompanied by rainstorms. Less violent Hawaiian and Strombolian-type eruptions are associated with fissures thatoften produce a line of fire fountains. These geyserlike fountains of lava may shootseveral hundred feet into the air and form a nearly continuous curtain of fire. The basaltlava is extremely fluid and flows down the mountain sides in torrents. When thesestreams reach the sea, they form pillow lavas, lobes of stacked lava that resemble a pileof pillows. Volcanoes provide a wealth of natural resources. Emissions of volcanic rock, gas, andsteam are sources of important industrial materials and chemicals, such as pumice, boricaci d, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. In Iceland most of the homes in Reykjavk areheated by hot water tapped from volcanic springs. Greenhouses heated in the same waycan provide fresh vegetables and tropical fruits to this subarctic island. Geothermal steamis exploited as a source of energy for the production of electricity in Italy, New Zealand,the United States, Mexico, Japan, and Russia. The scientific study of volcanoes providesuseful information on Earth processes.